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Methods

How a lot is specified

CAS and sequence on the catalog page are public identity. Peak area, observed mass, and net peptide content are lot data. They sit on the COA that matches the vial.

Overview

What the methods report

  1. HPLC reports area percent. Main-peak area divided by total detected peak area at a stated wavelength. A chromatogram ratio, not the milligrams in the vial.
  2. Mass spectrometry confirms identity. Observed mass is checked against the theoretical mass of the named sequence. Area percent does not name the molecule.
  3. The COA is lot-specific. Lot number, date, laboratory, method, and a chromatogram or peak table travel with that vial.
  4. HPLC percent is not net peptide content. TFA, acetate, and water are often invisible at 214 nm. Net peptide is a separate assay.
  5. Research use only. In-vitro laboratory reagents. Not medicines, not supplements, not for human use.

Bench calculation

Working concentration

Labeled milligrams divided by milliliters of solvent. For preparing an in-vitro stock. Not a protocol and not a purity figure.

C (mg/mL) = labeled mg ÷ mL solvent

In-vitro stock concentration. Research use only.

Working concentration

5.00 mg/mL

10 mg labeled ÷ 2 mL solvent

In-vitro stock concentration. Research use only.

Definition

Mass over volume

Labeled milligrams divided by milliliters of solvent. Units mg/mL. That is the concentration of the stock you just made.

Limits

Not purity, not identity

This box does not use HPLC area percent, net peptide content, or observed mass. Those remain on the lot COA.

Use

Reproducible dilutions

A stated mg/mL lets later dilutions be written into the notebook. Identity and purity are still the COA.

01 · HPLC

Reading a chromatogram

Annotated HPLC chromatogram illustration showing baseline, retention time, main peak, and area percent
Annotated HPLC chromatogram (schematic). Method illustration, not a lot certificate.
Baseline

Mobile-phase floor

Detector signal with only mobile phase flowing. A stable baseline is required before a peak can be integrated. Drift and noise are method notes.

Retention time

When the species elutes

Each UV-active species leaves the column at a characteristic time under a stated method. Retention time depends on that method. It is not identity on its own.

Main peak

The assigned UV-active species

The dominant peak is assigned to the listed compound after identity work, not instead of it. Other peaks are other UV-active species at that wavelength.

Area percent

A ratio of peak areas

HPLC purity is main-peak area divided by total detected peak area at a stated wavelength. An area ratio, not a weighing of the vial.

The calculation is:

HPLC purity = (main-peak area) ÷ (sum of detected peak areas) at a stated λ

Related peptides, leftover protecting groups, and process impurities appear as extra UV peaks when they elute and absorb at that wavelength. They are other species, not a second purity number.

Counter-ions and residual water are often invisible at 214 nm. A high area percent can still sit on a cake that is partly TFA and moisture. Net peptide content is a separate measurement (typically amino-acid analysis or nitrogen) and belongs on the COA when it is run.

02 · HPLC and MS

Purity and identity are separate measurements

Side-by-side illustration of an HPLC trace and a mass spectrum
HPLC chromatogram and mass spectrum (schematic).

A complete lot record answers two questions.

What share of the UV-active material is the main peak? Chromatography (typically reversed-phase HPLC). It does not name the molecule.

Is that species the listed compound? Mass spectrometry: theoretical mass from the public formula versus observed mass. Agreement supports identity. A mismatch is not rescued by area percent.

Purity of the wrong molecule is still the wrong molecule. Theoretical and observed mass, with the ionization method, belong on the COA.

03 · Certificate of analysis

Five fields that belong on a COA

A certificate of analysis is a laboratory record for one lot. These five fields make it usable as a record, not a brochure.

  1. 01

    Lot

    The same identifier as the vial label. If the PDF and the label disagree, the record is not matched.

  2. 02

    Date

    Test date or report date. A sheet with no year is incomplete.

  3. 03

    Lab name

    The laboratory that ran the work. A table without a lab is not a certificate.

  4. 04

    Method

    HPLC column and wavelength, MS ionization mode, residual-solvent method when reported. A percentage with no method is not an HPLC result.

  5. 05

    Chromatogram or peak list

    The chromatogram, or a table of retention times and area percent. Without one of those, the integration is not visible.

A COA is incomplete when it is missing:

04 · Net peptide

Area percent is not the mass that is peptide

SCHEMATIC · NOT A LOT HPLC area (UV) Main peak Other UV Same vial, by mass Peptide Water + counter-ion

Schematic. Bar lengths are teaching marks, not lot measurements, and not a purity claim for any SKU.

Lyophilized peptide is a cake of sequence plus counter-ion plus residual water. HPLC at 214 nm usually does not see the salt or the moisture.

Two numbers can sit on one certificate: HPLC area percent for the main UV peak, and net peptide content for the fraction of weighed mass that is peptide. They answer different questions. A single homepage percentage collapses them.

See also HPLC area percent vs net peptide content.

05 · Chemical identity

Public identifiers for listed compounds

CAS, sequence, and formula below are literature identity for the named listing. Lot confirmation is the observed mass on that lot’s COA.

Pentadecapeptide

BPC-157

Residues
15 amino acids
Sequence
GEPPPGKPADDAGLV
Formula
C62H98N16O22
Public MW
~1419.5 Da
CAS
137525-51-0

Literature identity for the pentadecapeptide. Lot confirmation is observed mass on the COA.

Open the SKU →
Nucleotide — not a peptide

NAD+

Class
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Formula
C21H27N7O14P2
Public MW
~663.4 Da
CAS
53-84-9
Sequence
None — not a peptide

A dinucleotide cofactor. There is no peptide sequence.

Open the SKU →
Tyr-hGH 177–191

AOD-9604

CAS
221231-10-3
Sequence
YLRIVQCRSVEGSCGF
Identity
Tyr-hGH 177–191 analogue

Published fragment identity. Unmodified hGH 177–191 starts with Phe, not Tyr. Identity note.

Open the SKU →
Fragment listing

TB-500

CAS (this catalog)
885340-09-2
Identity
Ac-LKKTETQ
Not
Full thymosin β4 (CAS 77591-33-4)

Heptapeptide fragment, not the 43-residue protein. TB-500 vs Tβ4.

Open the SKU →
Two named compounds

Tesamorelin / Ipamorelin

Tesamorelin
CAS 218949-48-5
Ipamorelin
CAS 170851-70-4 · ~711.9 Da
Blend
Two masses on the lot COA

A blend is two molecules. The COA should show both observed masses. Identity note.

Open the SKU →
Botanical complex

Curcumin Phytosome

Class
Phytosome curcumin complex (Meriva)
Sequence
None — not a peptide

Curcuminoids complexed with phospholipid. Curcumin CAS 458-37-7. Not a peptide. Identity note.

Open the SKU →

06 · Catalog

Listed prices

USD list prices for the SKUs below. The bar length is price, not purity.

CATALOG PRICE · USD AOD-9604 $95 BPC-157 $110 NAD+ $120 Curcumin Phytosome $140 Tesamorelin / Ipamorelin $155 BPC-157 / TB-500 Blend $185

AOD-9604 $95 · BPC-157 $110 · NAD+ $120 · Curcumin Phytosome $140 · Tesamorelin / Ipamorelin $155 · BPC-157 / TB-500 Blend $185. Catalog prices, not a quality ranking.

07 · FAQ

Questions

Use and limits

What is RUO?

Research Use Only. These materials are sold for in-vitro and laboratory research. They are not approved medicines, not supplements, and not for human consumption, self-administration, or therapeutic use.

Do you dose?

No. No body-weight charts, injection instructions, or treatment advice. The calculator on this page is bench arithmetic (mg/mL) for in-vitro stocks.

Documents

Why two tests?

HPLC reports how UV-active peak area splits. Mass spectrometry checks whether the species matches the expected mass. A complete lot record uses both.

Why is there no purity percent on the homepage?

A percentage without lot, method, and wavelength is not a result. Those figures are issued on the COA for that lot.

What is a lot?

A manufacturing batch. The lot on the vial should match the lot on the certificate. Different lots of the same SKU are different records.

Fulfilment

What does cold-chain mean?

Temperature-sensitive compounds ship with cold-chain packaging rather than as ambient shelf stock. Packaging method, not a stability claim for a named lot.

References

Sources

Method literature and public registries. Lot HPLC, MS, and net peptide figures remain on the matching COA.

  1. D’Hondt M, et al. Related impurities in peptide medicines. J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2014;101:2–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpba.2014.06.012
  2. Verbeke F, et al. Quality evaluation of synthetic quorum sensing peptides used in R&D. J Pharm Anal. 2015;5(3):169–181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpha.2014.12.002
  3. ICH Q3C. Impurities: Guideline for Residual Solvents. https://www.ich.org/page/quality-guidelines
  4. IUPAC Gold Book, L03578 — high-performance liquid chromatography. https://goldbook.iupac.org/terms/view/L03578
  5. CAS 137525-51-0, BPC-157 sequence GEPPPGKPADDAGLV (literature identity). Lot identity remains the observed mass on the COA.
  6. PubChem CID 71300630 / CAS 221231-10-3, AOD-9604. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/71300630

Research use only. Not FDA approved. Not for human consumption, self-administration, or therapeutic use. Chromatograms and bar charts on this page are schematics. Sequences, CAS numbers, and molecular weights are public literature identity. Lot HPLC, MS, and net peptide content are issued on the matching COA.

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